Antimikrobna rezistencija u veterinarskoj medicini

Gordan Kompes¹, Boris Habrun¹, Antonela Bagarić¹,
¹Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb

Izlaganje sa Međunarodnog znanstvenostručnog skupa

7. Hrvatski veterinarski kongres

Sažetak Abstract

Izvor: Zbornik radova 7. Hrvatski veterinarski kongres, Srebreno, 2024.

▲

Sažetak

Direktivom Europskog parlamenata 2003/99/EZ postavljeni su osnovni uvjeti za praćenje i prijavljivanje antimikrobne rezistencije (AMR) bakterija izdvojenih iz životinja i hrane. Republika Hrvatska u ovom programu participira od 2014. godine. U parnim godinama određivana je AMR bakterijskih izolata iz brojlera i kokoši nesilica, dok je u neparnim godinama AMR određivana iz izolata porijeklom od svinja i goveda. U tom razdoblju praćena je AMR bakterija roda Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni/coli, indikatorske E. coli, te bakterijske vrste Escherichia coli koja proizvodi ESBL i/ili AmpC i/ili karbapenemaze.

U razdoblju od 2014. godine do danas, kod bakterijskih izolata roda Salmonella spp. izdvojenih iz brojlera, te Campylobacter jejuni/coli izdvojenih iz brojlera, goveda i svinja, utvrđena je vrlo visoka rezistencija na kinolone (65%-100%), dok je kod Salmonella spp. izdvojenih iz nesilica i goveda utvrđena umjerena rezistencija na sve antimikrobne lijekove, sa tendencijom rasta rezistencije izolata iz nesilica na kinolone. Kod izolata Salmonella spp. iz svinja utvrđena je visoka rezistencija na ampicilin, tetraciklin i sulfametoksazol (do 80%).

Utvrđena je vrlo visoka rezistencija indikatorske Escherichia coli izdvojene iz cekuma brojlera na kinolone (80%-90%), te velika rezistencija na ampicilin, tetraciklin i sulfametoksazol (40%-60%). Kod izolata indikatorske Escherichia coli izdvojenih iz svinja utvrđena velika rezistencija na tetraciklin (50%-60%), te umjerena rezistencija na ampicilin, sulfametoksazol, ciprofloksacin i trimetoprim (10%-40%). Kod bakterijskih izolata indikatorske Escherichia coli izdvojenih iz cekuma goveda utvrđena je umjerena rezistencija na sulfametoksazol i tetraciklin (približno 30 %) sa tendencijom rasta nakon 2019. godine.

Prevalencija Escherichia coli koja proizvodi ESBL ili AmpC iz uzoraka mesa brojlera ima stalnu silaznu tendenciju, te je 2022. godine iznosila oko 30%, dok se kod mesa goveda i svinja kreće u rasponu od 2%-8%. Prevalencija Escherichia coli koja proizvodi ESBL ili AmpC iz uzoraka cekuma brojlera kreće se u rasponu od 55%-60%, dok je kod goveda i svinja prevalencija od 20%-60%, sa tendencijom rasta.

Ključne riječi: antimikrobna rezistencija, cecum, uzorci hrane

▲

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE

Gordan Kompes

Directive 2003/99/EC of the European Parliament lays down the basic conditions for the harmonised monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacteria isolated from animals and foodstuffs. The Republic of Croatia has been participating in this programme since 2014. In even-numbered years, the AR of bacterial isolates from broilers and laying hens was determined, while in odd-numbered years, the AMR of isolates from pigs and cattle was determined.
During this period, the AMR of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni/coli, indicator Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli producing ESBL and/or AmpC and/or carbapenemases was monitored.
Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter coli/jejuni isolates from animals have frequently been found to be resistant to commonly used antimicrobial agents.

In the period from 2014 to date, bacterial isolates of Salmonella spp. isolated from broilers and Campylobacter jejuni/coli isolates from broilers, cattle and pigs were found to be highly resistant to quinolones (65%-100%). Salmonella spp. isolates from laying hens and cattle were found to be moderately resistant to all antimicrobial drugs, with the resistance of isolates from laying hens to quinolones tending to increase. High resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole (up to 80%) was found in Salmonella spp. isolates from pigs.

Very high resistance to quinolones (80%-90%) and high resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole (40%-60%) was found in indicator Escherichia coli isolated from the caecum of broilers. High resistance to tetracycline (50%-60%) and moderate resistance to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim (10%-40%) was found in isolates of indicator Escherichia coli from pigs. Moderate resistance to sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline (approx. 30%) was found in bacterial isolates of indicator Escherichia coli isolated from the cecum of cattle.

The prevalence of ESBL- or AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from broiler meat samples shows a constant downward trend and was around 30% in 2022, while in beef and pork it was between 2%-8%. The prevalence of ESBL- or AmpC- producing Escherichia coli in caecal samples from broilers was in the range of 55%-60%, while in cattle and pigs it was 20%-60%, with an upward trend.

Key words: antimicrobial resistance, cecum, food

Vezano:

Sažetak

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN VETERINARY MEDICINE

Vezani sadržaji