Sébastien Viaud
Clinique Vétérinaire AQUIVET – Eysines, Clinique Vétérinaire de la Plage – Marseille, Clinique Vétérinaire VETIVIA – Biarritz, Francuska, DiplECVD

Izvor: Zbornik radova Veterinarski dani, Opatija, 2018.
Sažetak
Noviji sustav razdvaja otitis u uzroke i čimbenike koji mogu zahtijevati odvojeno liječenje i praćenje. Nakon identificiranja uzroka i čimbenika, pri terapijskom pristupu treba uzeti u obzir kontrolu i liječenje primarnog uzroka (alergije, paraziti, strano tijelo, endokrini poremećaji…), isključiti sekundarne uzroke (bakterijske/gljivične infekcije, topikalna nadražujuća sredstva, prekomjerna čišćenje ušnog kanala, fizička trauma…) i, ako je moguće, kontrolirati/ukloniti ponavljajuće i predisponirajuće čimbenike.
S obzirom na veliki broj uzroka/faktora, ne postoji jedinstveni pristup liječenju otitisa već treba uzeti u obzir kombinacije uzroka/faktora, vrstu životinje i vlasnikove želje i mogućnosti. Svaki terapijski pristup treba biti individualan. Treba poštovati neka osnovna pravila: čišćenje i dezinfekcija ušiju prilagođena vrsti debrisa, pacijentu i vlasnicima, smanjenje upale (izbor protuupalnih lijekova, topikalna i/ili sistemska terapija?), kontroliranje i liječenje sekundarnih infekcija (izbor protuupalnih lijekova, lokalna i/ili sistemska terapija?). U slučajevima akutnog otitis externa, ako je moguće, topikalna terapija trebala bi biti osnova terapijskog pristupa. Danas, raznolikost dostupnih proizvoda za uši, kao sredstava za čišćenje uha ili terapijskih kapi, potencijalno mogu otežati izbor pravog terapijskog preparata. Iznimno je važno znati koji su sastojci i svojstva preparata, koristiti ih na ispravan način, pružiti najbolju priliku za liječenje (ili izliječiti) akutne epizode kako bi se izbjegao nastanak kronične bolesti (što dovodi do još većih komplikacija i dužeg i zahtjevnijeg liječenja).
Innovation in managing acute otitis
Sébastien Viaud
A cute otitis is admitted (in human medicine at least) to be an otitis that lasts from less than 30 days, and is the result, in dogs, in most of the cases of an allergy (contact allergy/hypersensitivity, flea bite allergy, food allergy and/or atopic dermatitis). However, ear disease is a skin disease and therefore any case of otitis externa should be approached in the same way as any dermatology case. A logical approach is essential. A good approach and understanding of ear disease requires the understanding of what really happens and some basic rules that must be followed to achieve a successful outcome. Otitis cases are often complex and involve more than one etiologic component. Over the years, a variety of classification schemes have been used to help understand otitis externa. The more recent scheme classifies otitis into causes and factors that may all require separate treatment and monitoring.Once identified the causes and the factors, the therapeutic management of the otitis should then consider the control/treatment of the primary cause (allergic disease, parasites, foreign body, endocrine disorders…), the elimination of secondary causes (bacterial /fungal infections, topical irritant, overcleaning, physical trauma…) and if possible the control/elimination of the perpetuating and predisposing factors.
Therefore, there is no obvious and permanent recipe in order to treat otitis depending on the kind of otitis (the combination of causes and factors), of patient and of owners.
Every therapeutic approach should be then adapted to each ear case. Some basic rules have to be respected: ear cleaning/disinfection adapted to the type of debris, patient and owners, reduction of the inflammation (choice of anti-inflammatory drug, topical and/or systemic therapy?), managing secondary infections (choice of anti-inflammatory drug, topical and/or systemic therapy?). In cases of acute otitis externa, the use, if possible, of topical therapy is usually the basis. Nowadays, the diversity of available ear products, being ear cleansers or therapeutic drops, tends to make the situation potentially more confuse. It is then mandatory to know what is in, to know their properties, to use them in a correct way, to give the best chance to treat (or cure) acute episodes in order to avoid the evolution towards chronicity and then, even more complicated problems to deal with.
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