prof. dr. sc. Željko Grabarević
Zavod za veterinarsku patologiju
Veterinarski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu
Izlaganje sa skupa 2. ZNANSTVENO-STRUČNI SIMPOZIJ „POKUSNE ŽIVOTINJE U ZNANSTVENIM ISTRAŽIVANJIMA“
Dvije su notorno poznate istine u komparativnoj patologiji tumora ljudi i životinja. Prva, životinje imaju tumore različitih tkiva i organa koji su histološki slični ili istovjetni tumorima ljudi, ali imaju različito biološko ponašanje, odnosno različiti stupanj zloćudnosti. Druga, apsolutni trend u onkologiji je iznalaženje tumora životinja koji su najsličniji istim tumorima ljudi u svrhu korištenja tih vrsta u patogenetskim i prekliničkim istraživanjima humanih tumora. Koliko god je ovo potrebno i koliko god je pomoglo u iznalaženju novih terapija pretežito humanih pacijenata, prva istina je ostala nepravedno zapostavljena. Držim da saznanje o uzrocima dobroćudnosti ili zloćudnosti istih tumora različitih vrsta može izrazito doprinijeti ciljanoj terapiji tumora i ljudi i životinja. Tumori sjemenika pasa iako imaju gotovo identičnu histološku sliku su po svom biološkom ponašanju dobroćudni, dok su u muškaraca pretežito zloćudni. Hepatocelularni karcinomi ljudi zahvaćaju izrazito oštećenu jetru (ciroza posljedično virusnom hepatitisu ili alkoholizmu) dok se u pasa pojavljuju u neoštećenom jetrenom tkivu. Tumori mliječne žlijezde kuja su dvostruko češći u odnosu na žene, a u mačaka su rijeđi, ali su u gotovo svim slučajevima maligni. Limfomi pasa su otprilike jednako učestali kao u ljudi, ali su u skupini non-Hodgkinovih limfoma dok su Hodgkinovi limfomi ekstremno rijetki. U radu je prezentirana komparativna analiza i rezultati dosadašnjih istraživanja ovih tumora obavljena u Zavodu za veterinarsku patologiju Veterinarskog fakulteta u Zagrebu.
Comparative oncology – similarities and differences of the most frequent tumours in men and dogs
prof. Željko Grabarević, full professor
Institute of Veterinary Pathology
Veterinary Faculty University of Zagreb
There are two well known facts in comparative pathology considering tumours in men and animals. First one is that animals develop tumours in various organs and tissues which are pathohistologically very similar or even identical to its human counterparts, but their biological behaviour or malignancy grade is very different. Second one is that predominant trend in pathology is finding spontaneous animal tumours which are the most similar to the same tumours in men (histologically, etiologically and biologically) which could be used in preclinical tumour investigations. Although these investigations are very necessary and they were proven to be very helpful in experimental oncology of the human tumours, the first fact is unfairly neglected. The knowledge of the reasons for different tumour grades of the spontaneous tumours in animals could significantly contribute to the targeted tumour therapy of tumours in men and animals as well. There are numerous examples for this. Testicular tumours in dogs with almost identical histology as in men are biologically benign, while in males they are predominantly malignant. In humans hepatocellular carcinomas affects severely damaged liver (hepatitis, cirrhosis, etc.) while in dogs they appear in unchanged liver tissue. Mammary tumours in bitches are much more frequent than breast tumours in women, while in cats they are less frequent but almost in all cases malignant. Canine lymphomas are equally frequent as in humans, but they are in the group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, because Hodgkin tumours in dogs are extremely rare. This work presents comparative tumour analysis and the results of the investigations conducted at the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Veterinary Faculty Zagreb.
Key words: Comparative tumour analysis, HCC, testicular tumours, mammary carcinoma, lymphoma, men, dogs