¹Daria Jurković Žilić, ¹Ema Gagović, ²Tomislav Dumić, ²Krunoslav Pintur, ¹Relja Beck
¹Hrvatski veterinarski institut, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb; ²Veleučilište u Karlovcu, Trg J. J. Strossmayera 9, 47000 Karlovac
Izvor: Zbornik radova 7. Hrvatski veterinarski kongres, Srebreno, 2024.
Sažetak
Uzorci u kojima je dokazana Ehrlichia sp., umnažan je cijeli odsječak 16S rRNA, čime je potvrđena vrsta E. canis iz Rh. bursa s ovce (Pag), koze (Medviđa) i tri divokoze (Biokovo). Dobivene sekvence bile su identične s brojnim sekvencama vrste E. canis iz različitih zemalja poput Grčke, Japana i Brazila. Sekvenciranjem odsječka površinskog proteina trp36 E. canis,utvrđena je sličnost od 94.96% do 96.55% s više sekvenci iz Japana, Kostarike, Pakistana. Sekevenca Ehrlichia sp. je dokazana u Rh. bursa s krave iz Obrovca Sinjskog te iz I. canisuga s dvije lisice iz Bjelovara i Pakraca, a bila je jednaka sekvencama Ehrlichia sp. izdvojenim iz različitih vrsta životinja. Ovim istraživanjem smo prvi put dokazali prisutnost E. canis i Ehrlichia sp. u RH. Nalaz je posebice zanimljiv jer je E.canis bila prisutna u krpelja Rh. bursa prikupljenih s preživača, a ne u krpelja Rh. sanguineus s.s. Sekvenciranjem trp36 gena dokazali smo jedinstven haplotip, stoga su potrebna su dodatna istraživanja kako bi se razumijela uloga krplja Rh. bursa u prijenosu E. canis. Također je neophodno procijeniti i patogenost E. canis za preživače jer je uzročnik otkriven u pobačenih fetusa malih preživača u drugim istraživanjima.
Ključne riječi: Ehrlichia sp., Rhipicephalus bursa, molekularna tipizacija, krpelji, Hrvatska
Istraživanje je financirano putem HRZZ i HVI, projektom ABaVec (IP2022-10-7842).
THE FIRST MOLECULAR DETECTION OF
EHRLICHIA SPECIES IN TICKS IN CROATIAAbstract
S pecies from the genus Ehrlichia are tick-borne rickettsia from the family Anaplasmataceae.
There are five known species of Ehrlichia: E. chaffensis, E. ewingii, E. canis, E. ruminantium and E. muris. Ehrlichia canis causes monocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and is manifested by fever, inappetence and lymphadenomegaly in the acute form, and pallor of mucous membranes, loss of body weight and bleeding in the chronic form. The only confirmed vector is the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto, and the pathogen has been detected molecularly in the ticks Rh. bursa, Hy. marginatum and D. marginatus. In previous studies, antibodies were detected in 0.4 and 0.6% of dogs from different areas of Croatia, and E. canis was not detected molecularly in dogs, in contrast to the species A. phagocytophilum and A. platys. In the current study, 579 ticks from the environment, domestic and wild ruminants and carnivores as well as humans from 141 different locations in Croatia were analyzed. After morphological identification, the tick species were confirmed molecularly by sequencing the 16S rRNA segment and the COI gene, while the 16S rRNA DNA segment was amplified and sequenced to detect species from the Anaplasmataceae family. In the samples in which Ehrlichia sp. was detected, the entire segment of 16S rRNA was amplified, confirming the species E. canis from Rh. bursa in one sheep (Pag), one goat (Medviđa) and three chamois (Biokovo). Obtained sequences were identical to numerous sequences of E. canis species in the GenBank from different countries such as Greece, Japan and Brazil. Sequences of a portion of the surface protein trp36 of E. canis showed similarity of 94.96% to 96.55% with several sequences from Japan, Costa Rica, and Pakistan. Sequence of Ehrlichia sp. was detected in Rh. bursa from a cow (Obrovac Sinjski) and in I. canisuga from two foxes (Bjelovar and Pakrac), and it was identical to the sequences of Ehrlichia sp. isolated from different animal species. This study presents the first molecular detection of E. canis and Ehrlichia sp. in Croatia. The finding is particularly interesting since E. canis was only present in Rh. bursa collected from ruminants, but not in Rh. sanguineus s.s. By sequencing the trp36 gene, we were able to detect a unique haplotype, and further studies are needed to understand the role of the Rh. bursa in the transmission of E. canis. In addition, the pathogenicity of E. canis for ruminants needs to be evaluated, as the pathogen has been detected in aborted fetuses of small ruminants in other studies.
Key words: Ehrlichia sp., Rhipicephalus bursa, molecular detection, ticks, Croatia
This research was funded by CSF project (ABaVec, IP2022-10-7842) and CVI.
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